Safety device for elevators.



E0. 893,349. ,I EETEEEEE JULY 14. 1190s. J. s. MECKLE- SAEEEE DEVICE EOE EEEvAEoEs.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.19.1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET X.

No. 893,349- f PATENTE@ JULY 14, 1908. J. s.-MUGKLE.

SAFETY DEVICE FOR BLEVATORS.

APPLICATION FILED sEPT.19,19o7.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PAENT onmon.- Y

JointT s. MUCKL, or. PHILADELPHIA., PENNSYLVANIA.

SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELEVATRS.A

speeiaeetien ef Lettere Peteur.

To all whom 'it may concern.:

Be it known that I, JOHN SQMUCKL, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philaf delphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Safety Devices for Elevators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improve.- ments in means for stopping an elevator car should the hoisting rope break or the car become detached from the hoisting mechanism, or should the car run away due to a defeet in the hoisting mechanism.

The main object of m invention is to simplify the construction o an apparatus of this type and-make it dependent upon the velocity of the car in its descent to throw the mechanism into action.

A further object of the invention is to rovidemeans for relieving the detainers, W ich are engaged by the hooks on the car, from severe strains to which they are subjected when an accident occurs.

In the accompanying drawin s: Figure 1, is a section through the floor o? an elevator car, illustrating my invention with the `hooked members withdrawn, the car running' at the ordinary speed; Fig. 2, is an enlarged view of a part of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, is a side vieW of a detail of Fig. 1 Fig. 4, is a view'showing the hook members thrown out, due to the rapid descent of the car; Fig. 5, is a view showin the hook members thrown. out due to `the reaking of the rope whioli o erates the mechanism; Fig. 6, isa view s row-ing electric switch mechanism by which the electric hoisting mechanism is disconnected on the rapid descent of the car, and Fig. 7, is a View of a modification.

A is the floor of the car, B, B are the detainers 4which are engaged by the hooked members; thesel detainers consist, in the present instance,- of two or more wire ropes b pla-ced side b side and connected at 1ntervals by cross ars b bolted securely so as not to slide on the wire ropes, although, in some instances, they may be arranged to slide after being engaged bythe hooked members.

The upper ends of the ropes are connected to a shock absorber C consisting in the )resent instance of a yoke c carrying a cylin er c and a rod c2 carrying' a plunger c3, and on the lower end of I the lunger is a flange c4 mounted between w iich and the end of the cylinder is a spring c5, so that when the hooked members on the car engage the cross sorber, the spring c5 returning the cylinder to its normal position when released. In some instances a counterweight may be used in place of the cylinder and plun er.

Secured to the underside of t e floor of the members D, each hook member bein forked as at d and so shapedas to engage lt e cross bar b on the detainer". The hooked members may beFpivoted to brackets on the car -as shown in ig. 7.

Mounted in the present instance under the center of the car floor is a frame E having bearings e for avertical shaft F on which is a grooved pulley or sheavef; around this pul` ley passes a rope n which extends throughout the length of the elevator shaft, being held at top and bottomby any suitable means. This ro e passes around two guide wheels n', n2 on a racket N secured to the underside of the elevator car. The movement of the car causes the shaft F to turn due to the fact that the ends of the rope are fixed. On the shaft F is a sleeve H grooved at h and h.

G is a governor having a hubg secured to are pivoted the levers i, i. The long'arms of these levers have ballsft at their extremeends Patented .rely 14, 190s. l Application led September 19, 1907. Seriali No. 393,600. l

ber t'l the Steek wiii be teken by` the ei)-` car are guides a, win which slide the hooked and theshort arms rest in the: groove h of the sleeve H, so that when the shaft F is rotated at a`speed beyondv the normal the balls will ily out causing the lsleeve H to be drawn down. y

In order to operate the hooked members when thesleeve is drawn down I pivot two levers K, K atlc to the frame E and one arm of each lever enters the groove h in the sleeve H and the other arm of each lever is con- ,r'ieeted bv a rodk to a hooked member D, as

shown c early in Fig. 1,4s o that when the sleeve is drawn down, due to the increased travel of the elevator ear, the rlevers K, K will be o erated to force out the hooked members contact with the cross bar b of the detainers B, as shown in Fig. 4, stopping `the elevator car.-

In order to stop the car in the event of the breaking of the rope nlpivot a lever M at m tothe frame E and` provide the lever with an idler m 'which rests upon the rope n, asclearly illustrated in Fig. 1. lever is liavy enough to force the sleeve H This , and these members will come in in the event of the rope n breaking, the lever M will fall, as shown in 5, forcing the sleeve H down and the hooked members D out into engagement with the detainers B.

ln Fig. 6, l have shown an electric connec tion which may be used on electrically operated elevators so that when the sleeve H is lowered a switch S is thrown open, cutting off the electric connection. This is accomplished by attaching a rod e to one of the levers l( which in turn is attached to the pivoted knife member s of the switch S and there is a certain amount ol lost motion owing to the slot and pin connection between the rod s andthe lever K which will allow the lover to move nearly to its full extent without operating the switch, but on the last movement the rod .9 will be drawn d own and the pivot member e of the switch will be drawn away from the contact s2, as clearly shown in said llig. o.

There may be m anyhookcd members as desired according to the size and weight of the car, and the number and size of ropes in the detainers will depend upon the weight of the car.`

lt will be seen that by setting the governor balls so that they will only operate the sleeve when the car descends at a speed greater than the normal speed, l am enabled to run the car entirely free of any of the mechanism the hooked members being retracted within the line of the car and the' detainers are situated in thc elevator' well one on each side of the car and clear of any of the mechanism of the car.

lf the hoisting mechanism should become disarranged or broken and should allow the car to fall then the governor would be driven at an increased rate of speed and would draw the sleeve down and force the hooked members out into engagement with the cross bars of the detainers, stopping the car before any damage couldbe done. The stoppage would be comparatively gradual due to the fact that the detainers are suspended from shock ahsorliers. On reversing the car the hooked members automatically return to their normal positions as they will be forced out of en,- gagement with the cross bars of the detainers.

l claiinz-s rlhc combination in an elevator', of a car, dctainers in the elevator well free of the car, each (.letainer consisting of a vertical member having one or more cross bars, a frame mounted under the car, a ball governor carried by the frame, a rope in the well adapted to drive the ball governm', hooked members mounted on the under side of the car and connected ,lirectly with the governor so that when the downward inovei'ncnt of the car cxceeds the normal speed the hooked members will be projected to engage the cross bars of the detainers and on the reversal of the movement of the car the hooked memlicrs will be l i l l i l l automatically retracted from the cross bars of the .detainers, substantially as described.

2. The combination in an elevator car, of a frame centrally mounted on the car, a vertical shaft on the frame, a governor carried by the shaft, a sheave secured to the shaft, a rope fixed in the elevator well passing around the sheave on the shaft, a sleeve on the shaft actuated b r the governor, two hooked inembers, two evers, and means for connecting the hooked members with the levers, said lel vers being actuated by the sleeve, substantially as described.

The combination of an elevator car, a frame mounted under the car, a shaft adapt ed to bearings in the frame, a sheave on the shaft, arms secured to the shaft, weighted. le vers pivotcd to the arms, a sleeve mounted on the shaft, two grooves in the sleeve, one groove adapted to receive the short arms of the weichted levers, a pair of levers, one arm oteach over entering the other groove in the sleeve, sliding hooked members, rods connecting the said hooked members with the last mentioned levers, a detainer on each side of the car arranged to be engaged h the hooked members, when forced out by t ie action of the weighted levers when the car exceeds the normal s eed, and a rope secured in the elevator we and passing around the shaft carried by the car, substantially as described.

4. The combination of an elevator car, a frame a shaft, a governor mounted on the shaft, a rope sheave also mounted on the shaft, a rope fixed in the well and passing around the sheave on the shaft, a sleeve mounted on the shaft and actuated by the governor, a lever pivoted to the frame, and controlled by the sleeve, a hooked member mounted on the car, and connected to the last mentioned lever, a detainer mounted -in the elevator well arranged to be engaged by the hookedanernber when n'ojected, a lever pivoted to the frame and having anidle'rresting on the rope which passes around the sheave, said lever being so situated with respect to the sleeve that in the event of the breaking of the rope the lever will fall and force the sleeve down throwing the hooked member out and into engagement with the detainer, substantially as described.

5. The combination of an elevator car, a frame under the cai-,.a vertical shaft on the frame, a rope slieave on the shaft, a governor actuated by the shaft, a sleeve on the shaft with which the governor engages, a hooked member under the car, a lever connected to the hooked member having an arm engaging the sleeve, a detainer mounted in the elevator Well having a cross bar with which the hooked member' engages, and a shock absorber connected to the detainer for allowing the detainer to yield when engaged by the hooked member, substantially as described.

t3. The combination of a car, a frame secured to the under side of the car, a vertical shaft mounted in bearings on the frame, a rope sheave secured to the shaft, and a governor also secured to the shaft, two guide wheels mounted on the car, a rope fixed in the elevator well and passing around the guidewheels and around the sheave on the vertical shaft, two detainers mounted in the elevator` well, two hooked members mounted on the under side of the car, and arranged to engage the detainers when moved outwards, a sleeve on the, vertical shaft engaged by the governor, and 'two levers .pivoted to the Jframe one arm of each lever being enga ed by the sleeve and a rod connecting the ot 1er arm ofeach lever to a hooked member, a lever pivoted to the frame and resting directly above the sleeVe'and an idler on the lever resting upon the rope leading to the sheave on the vertical shaft, substantially as described.

7. The combination in an elevator, of a car, a frame mounted on the car, a shaft 'mounted on bearings on the frame a governor on the shaft, a rope sheave on the shatt, a rope mounted in the well and passing around the sheave so as to drive the shaft as the car is raised or lowered, a lever on the frame con*4 nec-ted to the governor mechanism, a hooked member connected to the lever and arranged to engage a detaining device in the elevator well, an electric switch, a rod connecting the electric switch with the lever so that when the governor forces the hooked member out into engagement with the detainer, it will also open the switch and break the electric circuit, substantially as described.

8. AThe combination of an elevator car, a frame mounted on the underside of the car, bearings on the frame, a vertical shaft mounted in the bearings, a sheave mounted on the shaft, a rope attached to iixed points in the elevator well, two idlers mounted on oneside of the car, one under the other, said rope passing around the idlers and around the sheave on the vertical shaft, a sleeve on the vertical shaft having two grooves, a hub secured to the lower end of the shaft and having arms, levers pivoted to the arms and arranged to enter one of the grooves in vthe sleeve, said levers being weighted, and flevers ivoted to the frame havlng arms entering t e other groove in the sleeve, slideways on the underside of the car, hoolbed members arranged to lslide in said ways, rods connecting the hooked members with the last mentioned levers, an arm ivoted to the frame and resting above the s eeve, an idler on said arm resting on the rope that passes around the sheave on the vertical shaft, a detainer in the well on each side ol` the car, said detainer consisting of ropes and cross bars on said ropes to be engaged by the hooked members on .the car, and shock absorbers attached to thelupper ends of the detainers, substantially as de scribed.

In testimony whereof, l have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesse.

JOHN S. MUCKLE.

Witnesses:

WM, E. SHUPE, WM. A. BARR. 

